/* in the name of Anton */
/*
Compete against Yourself.
Author - Aryan (@aryanc403)
Atcoder library - https://atcoder.github.io/ac-library/production/document_en/
*/
#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <intrin.h>
#endif
namespace atcoder {
namespace internal {
int ceil_pow2(int n) {
int x = 0;
while ((1U << x) < (unsigned int)(n)) x++;
return x;
}
int bsf(unsigned int n) {
#ifdef _MSC_VER
unsigned long index;
_BitScanForward(&index, n);
return index;
#else
return __builtin_ctz(n);
#endif
}
} // namespace internal
} // namespace atcoder
namespace atcoder {
template <class S,
S (*op)(S, S),
S (*e)(),
class F,
S (*mapping)(F, S),
F (*composition)(F, F),
F (*id)()>
struct lazy_segtree {
public:
lazy_segtree() : lazy_segtree(0) {}
lazy_segtree(int n) : lazy_segtree(std::vector<S>(n, e())) {}
lazy_segtree(const std::vector<S>& v) : _n(int(v.size())) {
log = internal::ceil_pow2(_n);
size = 1 << log;
d = std::vector<S>(2 * size, e());
lz = std::vector<F>(size, id());
for (int i = 0; i < _n; i++) d[size + i] = v[i];
for (int i = size - 1; i >= 1; i--) {
update(i);
}
}
void set(int p, S x) {
assert(0 <= p && p < _n);
p += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i);
d[p] = x;
for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) update(p >> i);
}
S get(int p) {
assert(0 <= p && p < _n);
p += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i);
return d[p];
}
S prod(int l, int r) {
assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= _n);
if (l == r) return e();
l += size;
r += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) {
if (((l >> i) << i) != l) push(l >> i);
if (((r >> i) << i) != r) push(r >> i);
}
S sml = e(), smr = e();
while (l < r) {
if (l & 1) sml = op(sml, d[l++]);
if (r & 1) smr = op(d[--r], smr);
l >>= 1;
r >>= 1;
}
return op(sml, smr);
}
S all_prod() { return d[1]; }
void apply(int p, F f) {
assert(0 <= p && p < _n);
p += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(p >> i);
d[p] = mapping(f, d[p]);
for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) update(p >> i);
}
void apply(int l, int r, F f) {
assert(0 <= l && l <= r && r <= _n);
if (l == r) return;
l += size;
r += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) {
if (((l >> i) << i) != l) push(l >> i);
if (((r >> i) << i) != r) push((r - 1) >> i);
}
{
int l2 = l, r2 = r;
while (l < r) {
if (l & 1) all_apply(l++, f);
if (r & 1) all_apply(--r, f);
l >>= 1;
r >>= 1;
}
l = l2;
r = r2;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= log; i++) {
if (((l >> i) << i) != l) update(l >> i);
if (((r >> i) << i) != r) update((r - 1) >> i);
}
}
template <bool (*g)(S)> int max_right(int l) {
return max_right(l, [](S x) { return g(x); });
}
template <class G> int max_right(int l, G g) {
assert(0 <= l && l <= _n);
assert(g(e()));
if (l == _n) return _n;
l += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push(l >> i);
S sm = e();
do {
while (l % 2 == 0) l >>= 1;
if (!g(op(sm, d[l]))) {
while (l < size) {
push(l);
l = (2 * l);
if (g(op(sm, d[l]))) {
sm = op(sm, d[l]);
l++;
}
}
return l - size;
}
sm = op(sm, d[l]);
l++;
} while ((l & -l) != l);
return _n;
}
template <bool (*g)(S)> int min_left(int r) {
return min_left(r, [](S x) { return g(x); });
}
template <class G> int min_left(int r, G g) {
assert(0 <= r && r <= _n);
assert(g(e()));
if (r == 0) return 0;
r += size;
for (int i = log; i >= 1; i--) push((r - 1) >> i);
S sm = e();
do {
r--;
while (r > 1 && (r % 2)) r >>= 1;
if (!g(op(d[r], sm))) {
while (r < size) {
push(r);
r = (2 * r + 1);
if (g(op(d[r], sm))) {
sm = op(d[r], sm);
r--;
}
}
return r + 1 - size;
}
sm = op(d[r], sm);
} while ((r & -r) != r);
return 0;
}
private:
int _n, size, log;
std::vector<S> d;
std::vector<F> lz;
void update(int k) { d[k] = op(d[2 * k], d[2 * k + 1]); }
void all_apply(int k, F f) {
d[k] = mapping(f, d[k]);
if (k < size) lz[k] = composition(f, lz[k]);
}
void push(int k) {
all_apply(2 * k, lz[k]);
all_apply(2 * k + 1, lz[k]);
lz[k] = id();
}
};
} // namespace atcoder
#ifdef ARYANC403
#include <header.h>
#else
#pragma GCC optimize ("Ofast")
#pragma GCC target ("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx")
#pragma GCC optimize ("-ffloat-store")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define dbg(args...) 42;
#endif
using namespace std;
#define fo(i,n) for(i=0;i<(n);++i)
#define repA(i,j,n) for(i=(j);i<=(n);++i)
#define repD(i,j,n) for(i=(j);i>=(n);--i)
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
#define sz(x) ((lli)(x).size())
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define X first
#define Y second
#define endl "\n"
typedef long long int lli;
typedef long double mytype;
typedef pair<lli,lli> ii;
typedef vector<ii> vii;
typedef vector<lli> vi;
const auto start_time = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
void aryanc403()
{
#ifdef ARYANC403
auto end_time = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
std::chrono::duration<double> diff = end_time-start_time;
cerr<<"Time Taken : "<<diff.count()<<"\n";
#endif
}
const lli INF = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFL;
lli seed;
mt19937 rng(seed=chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
inline lli rnd(lli l=0,lli r=INF)
{return uniform_int_distribution<lli>(l,r)(rng);}
class CMP
{public:
bool operator()(ii a , ii b) //For min priority_queue .
{ return ! ( a.X < b.X || ( a.X==b.X && a.Y <= b.Y )); }};
void add( map<lli,lli> &m, lli x,lli cnt=1)
{
auto jt=m.find(x);
if(jt==m.end()) m.insert({x,cnt});
else jt->Y+=cnt;
}
void del( map<lli,lli> &m, lli x,lli cnt=1)
{
auto jt=m.find(x);
if(jt->Y<=cnt) m.erase(jt);
else jt->Y-=cnt;
}
bool cmp(const ii &a,const ii &b)
{
return a.X<b.X||(a.X==b.X&&a.Y<b.Y);
}
const lli mod = 1000000007L;
const lli maxN = 1000000L;
struct S {
lli a,size,mx;
};
using F = lli;
// struct F {
// lli a;
// };
S op(S l, S r) { return S{l.a + r.a, l.size + r.size, max(l.mx,r.mx)}; }
S e() { return S{0,0,-1}; }
S mapping(F l, S r) {
if(l==maxN)
return r;
return S{r.size * l, r.size,l};
}
F composition(F l, F r) { return F{min(r,l)}; }
F id() { return F{maxN}; }
int target;
bool fsearch(S v) {
return v.mx < target;
}
lli T,n,i,j,k,in,cnt,l,r,u,v,x,y;
lli m;
string s;
vi a;
//priority_queue < ii , vector < ii > , CMP > pq;// min priority_queue .
lli bruteForce(const vi &a){
const int n=sz(a);
lli ans=0;
for(int i=1;i<n;++i){
vector<bool> vis(n+2);
lli mex=0;
for(int j=i;j<n;++j){
vis[a[j]]=true;
while(vis[mex])
mex++;
ans+=mex;
}
}
return ans;
}
int main(void) {
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(NULL);
// freopen("txt.in", "r", stdin);
// freopen("txt.out", "w", stdout);
// cout<<std::fixed<<std::setprecision(35);
cin>>T;while(T--)
{
cin>>n;
a.clear();a.reserve(n);
a.pb(INF);
fo(i,n)
{
cin>>in;
a.pb(in);
}
lli ans=0;
vector<S> b(n+1);
for(int i=0;i<=n;++i){
b[i]=S{0,1};
}
vi pvr(n+1);
for(int i=1;i<=n;++i){
pvr[i]=b[a[i]].a;
b[a[i]].a=i;
}
for(int i=1;i<=n;++i){
b[i].a=min(b[i].a,b[i-1].a);
}
for(int i=0;i<=n;++i){
b[i].mx=b[i].a;
}
atcoder::lazy_segtree<S, op, e, F, mapping, composition, id> seg(b);
for(int r=n;r>0;r--){
ans+=seg.all_prod().a;
const int L=a[r];
if(pvr[r]>=seg.get(L).a)
continue;
const int val=pvr[r];
target=val;
const int R=seg.min_left<fsearch>(n);
seg.apply(L,max(L,R),F{val});
}
cout<<ans<<endl;
} aryanc403();
return 0;
}
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